大學(xué)之道

TheWayofGreatLearning

這學(xué)說，是最基本之理想，也是儒教所依據(jù)之道理。

ThesearethefundamentalideasofConfuciusteaching,

andalsotheprinciplesuponwhichConfucianismisbased.

大學(xué)之道以“三綱領(lǐng)”和“八條目”為宗旨。何謂三綱領(lǐng)?就是“明德，親民，止于至善。”

TheWayoftheGreatLearningconsistsofthreeguidelinesandeightarticles.Thethreeguidelinesare:illustratingvirtue,renewingthepeople,andrestinginthehighestexcellence.

(一)明德：自己的德性清凈光明之后，也教他人的德性清凈光明

1.Illustratingvirtuemeansthatafteronesownvirtuebecomepureandbright,oneteachesotherstomaketheirvirtuepureandbrightaswell.

(二)親民：令所有老百姓知道正當(dāng)?shù)牡缆?，做個明理的人。

2.Renewingthepeoplemeanscausingallthepeopletoknowtheproperpathandtounderstandprinciple.

(三)止于至善：大家居處于最完善的地方。

3.Restinginthehighestexcellencemeansthatallpeopleabideinthemostexcellentplace.

何謂八條目?就是“格物，致知，正心，誠意，修身，齊家，治國，平天下?！?/p>

Whataretheeightarticles?Theyareinvestigatingthings,extendingknowledge,rectifyingthemind,makingtheintentsincere,cultivatingoneself,regulatingthefamily,managingthestate,andbringingpeacetotheworld.

(一)格物：研究天地間萬事萬物之性理。

1.Investigatingthingsmeansinvestigatingthenaturesandprinciplesofthemyriadthingsoftheuniverse.

(二)致知：運(yùn)用智慧，仔細(xì)分析物理，知道究竟2.Extendingknowledgemeansusingoneswisdomtoanalyzeindetailtheprinciplesofallphenomena,sothatultimateknowledgecanbeattained.

(三)正心：端正一身所主宰的心。3.Rectifyingthemindmeansmakingonesmind,whichisthemasterofthebody,properandupright.

(四)誠意：誠實所發(fā)之意。4.Makingtheintentsinceremeansbeingsincereinonesthinking.

(五)修身：修好自己的身(德行)。5.Cultivatingoneselfmeanscultivatingonesownvirtuousconduct.

這五種是屬于身心之學(xué)。

Thesefivearticlespertaintothestudyofbodyandmind.

(六)齊家：整齊自己的家。

6.Regulatingthefamilymeansmanagingonesownfamily.

(七)治國：治理自己的國家。

7.Managingthestatemeansgoverningonescountrywell.

(八)平天下：令天下太平。8.Bringingpeacetotheworldmeanscausingtranquilitytoprevailthroughouttheentireworld.

這三種是屬于政治之學(xué)。

Theselastthreearticlespertaintothestudyofpolitics.

這是孔子之學(xué)說，是最基本之理想，也是儒教所依據(jù)之道理。今將《大學(xué)》中的三綱領(lǐng)和八條目略釋，將來再評細(xì)的解釋。

ThesearethefundamentalideasofConfuciusteaching,andalsotheprinciplesuponwhichConfucianismisbased.TodayIhavebrieflyexplainedthethreeguidelinesandtheeightarticles.Amoredetailedexplanationmaybegiveninthefuture.